四、主要的软件安装
前面说过，我的习惯是，装系统的时候就安装一个内核和编译系统，得到了一个干净的系统后，再安装其他的软件就比较清晰。另一点，除非搞不到源代码版本，一般情况下我都会下载官方版本的源代码文件，来重新编译之。同样的，选择软件版本要根据该软件的Release Note来决定，并非越新越好。这就是为什么很多软件都是几个版本齐头并进的发展之原因。这些软件不同版本之间的安装方法会有少许不同，安装前一定要仔细阅读目录中的README文件和INSTALL文件，否则这些少许不同会造成不少得麻烦。下面描述的安装过程都核版本号紧密相关。另外，所有的软件都把程序文件的包拷贝到/usr/local/src目录中再解压缩，这是习惯。因为在Linux中习惯于把后来的软件装在/usr/local中。
(1)安装DNS服务器
1、从www.isc.org下载bind 域名服务器软件。我们这里用的是bind8.3.0，bind8分支和bind9分支是并行发展的。根据自己的实际情况选择合适的bind版本。
（本文来源于图老师网站，更多请访问https://m.tulaoshi.com/linux/）2、mkdir /usr/src/bind83
3、下载的文件叫bind-src.tar.gz，复制到/usr/local/src/bind83目录下。
（本文来源于图老师网站，更多请访问https://m.tulaoshi.com/linux/）4、cd /usr/local/src/bind83
5、tar zxvf bind-src.tar.gz
6、cd src
7、make stdlinks
8、make clean
9、make depend
10、make all
11、make install
12、编辑配置文件：/etc/named.conf内容如下，需要更改的部分用黑体标出：
/* * This is a worthless, nonrunnable example of a named.conf file that has * every conceivable syntax element in use. We use it to test the parser. * It could also be used as a conceptual template for users of new features. */ /* * C-style comments are OK */ // So are C++-style comments # So are shell-style comments // watch out for ";" -- it's important! options { directory "/var/named"; // use current directory named-xfer "/usr/libexec/named-xfer"; // _PATH_XFER dump-file "named_dump.db"; // _PATH_DUMPFILE pid-file "/var/run/named.pid"; // _PATH_PIDFILE statistics-file "named.stats"; // _PATH_STATS memstatistics-file "named.memstats"; // _PATH_MEMSTATS check-names master fail; check-names slave warn; check-names response ignore; host-statistics no; deallocate-on-exit no; // Painstakingly deallocate all // objects when exiting instead of // letting the OS clean up for us. // Useful a memory leak is suspected. // Final statistics are written to the // memstatistics-file. datasize default; stacksize default; coresize default; files unlimited; recursion yes; fetch-glue yes; fake-iquery no; notify yes; // send NOTIFY messages. You can set // notify on a zone-by-zone // basis in the "zone" statement // see (below) serial-queries 4; // number of parallel SOA queries // we can have outstanding for master // zone change testing purposes auth-nxdomain yes; // always set AA on NXDOMAIN. // don't set this to 'no' unless // you know what you're doing -- older // servers won't like it. multiple-cnames no; // if yes, then a name my have more // than one CNAME RR. This use // is non-standard and is not // recommended, but it is available // because previous releases supported // it and it was used by large sites // for load balancing. allow-query { any; }; allow-transfer { any; }; transfers-in 10; // DEFAULT_XFERS_RUNNING, cannot be // set than MAX_XFERS_RUNNING (20) transfers-per-ns 2; // DEFAULT_XFERS_PER_NS transfers-out 0; // not implemented max-transfer-time-in 120; // MAX_XFER_TIME; the default number // of minutes an inbound zone transfer 
