准备工作做完后,接着就开始写实质性的JAVA代码了。为保存从XML文件读入的信息,需要先建一个简单的Bean来保存学生信息,命名为StudentBean,代码如下所示:
public class StudentBean {
private String sex; //学生性别
private String name; //学生姓名
private int age; //学生年龄
private String phone; //电话号码
public void setSex(String s) {
sex = s;
}
public void setName(String s) {
name = s;
}
public void setAge(int a) {
age = a;
}
public void setPhone(String s) {
phone = s;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
}
之后写XML的测试类,笔者把这个类命名为XMLTest,为了读写XML文件,需要导入如下JAVA包,"//"后为注释说明,笔者的环境是JDK 1.3.1_04,在JDK 1.4.0中测试也通过,XML解释器用Apache的Crimson,可以到Apache主页去上载。
(本文来源于图老师网站,更多请访问http://m.tulaoshi.com/bianchengyuyan/)import java.io.*; //Java基础包,包含各种IO操作
import java.util.*; //Java基础包,包含各种标准数据结构操作
import javax.xml.parsers.*; //XML解析器接口
import org.w3c.dom.*; //XML的DOM实现
import org.apache.crimson.tree.XmlDocument; //写XML文件要用到
为了保存多个学生信息,还得借助一个集合类(并不是单纯意义上的集合,JAVA中的集合是集合框架的概念,包含向量、列表、哈希表等),这里采用Vector向量类。定义在XMLTest测试类中,命名为student_Vector。然后定义两个方法readXMLFile和writeXMLFile,实现读写操作。代码如下:
private void readXMLFile(String inFile) throws Exception {
} 最后加入测试主函数,如下:
//为解析XML作准备, 创建DocumentBuilderFactory实例,指定DocumentBuilder
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db = null;
try {
db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder
}
catch (ParserConfigurationException pce) {
System.err.println(pce); //出异常时输出异常信息,然后退出,下同
System.exit(1);
}
Document doc = null;
try { doc = db.parse(inFile);
}
catch (DOMException dom) {
System.err.println(dom.getMessage());
System.exit(1);
} catch (IOException ioe) { System.err.println(ioe); System.exit(1); } //下面是解析XML的全过程, 比较简单,先取根元素"学生花名册"
Element root = doc.getDocumentElement(); //取"学生"元素列表
NodeList students = root.getElementsByTagName("学生");
for (int i = 0; i students.getLength(); i++) { //依次取每个"学生"元素
Element student = (Element) students.item(i); //创建一个学生的Bean实例
StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean(); //取学生的性别属性
studentBean.setSex(student.getAttribute("性别")); //取"姓名"元素,下面类同
NodeList names = student.getElementsByTagName("姓名");
if (names.getLength() == 1) { Element e = (Element) names.item(0);
Text t = (Text) e.getFirstChild(); studentBean.setName(t.getNodeValue()); }
NodeList ages = student.getElementsByTagName("年龄");
if (ages.getLength() == 1) { Element e = (Element) ages.item(0);
Text t = (Text) e.getFirstChild();
studentBean.setAge(Integer.parseInt(t.getNodeValue())):
} NodeList phones = student.getElementsByTagName("电话"):
if (phones.getLength() == 1) { Element e = (Element) phones.item(0):
Text t = (Text) e.getFirstChild():
studentBean.setPhone(t.getNodeValue()):
} student_Vector.add(studentBean):
} } private void writeXMLFile(String outFile) throws Exception { //为解析XML作准备, 创建DocumentBuilderFactory实例,指定DocumentBuilder DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance():
DocumentBuilder db = null:
try { db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder():
} catch (ParserConfigurationException pce) { System.err.println(pce):
System.exit(1):
} Document doc = null:
doc = db.newDocument():
//下面是建立XML文档内容的过程, 先建立根元素"学生花名册" Element root = doc.createElement("学生花名册"):
//根元素添加上文档 doc.appendChild(root):
//取学生信息的Bean列表 for (int i = 0:
i student_Vector.size(); i++) { //依次取每个学生的信息 StudentBean studentBean = (StudentBean) student_Vector.get(i):
//建立"学生"元素,添加到根元素 Element student = doc.createElement("学生"):
student.setAttribute("性别", studentBean.getSex()):
root.appendChild(student); //建立"姓名"元素,添加到学生下面,下同 Element name = doc.createElement("姓名"):
student.appendChild(name):
Text tName = doc.createTextNode(studentBean.getName()):
name.appendChild(tName):
Element age = doc.createElement("年龄"):
student.appendChild(age):
Text tAge = doc.createTextNode(String.valueOf(studentBean.getAge())):
age.appendChild(tAge):
Element phone = doc.createElement("电话"):
student.appendChild(phone):
Text tPhone = doc.createTextNode(studentBean.getPhone()):
phone.appendChild(tPhone):
} //把XML文档输出到指定的文件 FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(outFile):
OutputStreamWriter outWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(outStream):
((XmlDocument) doc).write(outWriter, "GB2312"):
outWriter.close():
outStream.close(): public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //建立测试实例 XMLTest xmlTest = new XMLTest():
//初始化向量列表 xmlTest.student_Vector = new Vector():
System.out.println("开始读Input.xml文件"):
xmlTest.readXMLFile("Input.xml"):
System.out.println("读入完毕,开始写Output.xml文件"):
xmlTest.writeXMLFile("Output.xml"):
System.out.println("写入完成"):
}
好了,保存好StudentBean和XMLTest,把Input.xml保存到工作目录下。可以看到"写入完成"了